Every message is marked as data, with a Warnings line for what looks off, such as hidden text, phrases aimed at an AI, lookalike letters or a failed DMARC check. By default the assistant can read and draft. Moving, sending and deleting stay off until you turn them on, sending then reaches only the addresses you list, and there is no bcc anywhere. It runs on your machine and works with Gmail, Outlook and Microsoft 365, iCloud, Yahoo, GMX, Fastmail, mailbox.org, Posteo, Proton through Bridge, or a server of your own.
Email MCP server for Gmail, Outlook and any IMAP mailbox, hardened against prompt injection
2026-11-15
Sterne
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Tools
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Uptime
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pylos-mcp connects to your mail provider, and with Outlook to Microsoft's sign in service. What the assistant reads goes to your AI client and, through it, to the model provider you use, as anything else you show your assistant does. Attachments you ask for are saved to your Downloads folder.
The lethal trifecta
Simon Willison calls it the lethal trifecta: an AI agent with access to private data, exposure to untrusted content and the ability to communicate externally. An assistant reading your email has the first two by design, because your inbox is private and anyone can write to it. Stealing what it read takes the third, a way to send it somewhere else.
Sending is off by default. Drafts wait in your Drafts folder until you send them yourself, and enabling sending still requires a recipient allowlist. With SEND_CONFIRM=true, every message is also shown to you in a dialog and goes out only if you accept. No tool attaches a file from your disk or adds a forwarding rule.
The third leg can still come from elsewhere in the same client, such as a tool that fetches web pages or runs shell commands. Image markup inside a message is neutralized, but the model can still write an image link of its own, which a client that loads images would fetch. When the assistant reads your mail, keep tools that reach the internet out of that conversation.
Fencing reduces prompt injection risk, and nothing eliminates it. The model still reads text written by strangers, so check what the assistant tells you about your mail before acting on it.
Quick start
pylos-mcp works with any client that runs local MCP servers. It runs locally through npx and needs Node.js 22 or later. Every route below starts from example values, so replace the address and password with your own. Use an app password, not your account's regular password, and for Outlook no password at all. Provider setup says where to get one.
Claude Desktop. Download pylos-mcp.mcpb, open it, and fill in the form Desktop shows.
Claude Code.--scope user makes it available in every project. EMAIL_PASSWORD_CMD keeps the password out of your shell history and Claude's config: it runs a command that prints the password, here a macOS keychain lookup. Store the password there first with security add-generic-password -s pylos-mcp -a [email protected] -w, which asks for it.
Outlook and Microsoft 365 take PROVIDER=outlook and no password at all, so remove EMAIL_PASSWORD from the entry, or the server refuses to start. The first time the assistant reads mail, your browser opens Microsoft's sign in page.
Restart your client fully after any change, since tools register only at startup and toggling the server off and on is not always enough. Then ask the assistant to list your mail folders. A list means it works.
If the Claude Desktop extension shows "Server disconnected", the reason is in Desktop's main.log in ~/Library/Logs/Claude on macOS or %APPDATA%\Claude\logs on Windows, on a line starting with pylos-mcp:.
Capabilities
Each capability is a separate switch, and turning one on leaves the others as they are. Reading is always on, drafting starts on, and everything else stays off until you list it in CAPABILITIES. A tier that is off has its tools left out of the tool list entirely, so a model never learns they exist.
Enable more with a list, for example CAPABILITIES=drafts,manage,delete. Moving a message into Trash is a delete by another route, so move_email refuses Trash unless delete is on too.
get_thread lists the conversation a message belongs to, meaning the messages it replies to and the replies that name it or an earlier message, from its own folder, INBOX and Sent. Each message is then read with get_email, which adds its warnings. Both create_draft and send_email take in_reply_to to thread a reply under the original in mail clients. Sending the reply marks the original as answered. With quote_original, the server adds the original below the reply as mail clients do, but only when every recipient was already on the original. Text the original's HTML hid is left out. A message body can be at most 64 kB, quote included.
search_emails pages through results filtered by free text, from, to, subject, since and before dates, or unread and flagged status. get_email shows sent and arrival times, Cc, and Reply-To when it differs from From. With manage on, set_flags marks messages read, unread, flagged or unflagged.
get_attachment saves a file to DOWNLOAD_DIR without reading its contents into the conversation. Saved files are readable only by you, never replace an existing file, and on macOS carry the quarantine flag, so an app among them goes through Gatekeeper before it runs.
What this can never do
These limits are enforced by the server.
No raw HTML reaches the model. Bodies come from the plain text part when one exists, or are converted to text otherwise. Invisible characters that hide instructions from a reader while staying readable to a model are stripped.
Bodies, subjects, sender names and Sieve scripts are fenced with markers that are neutralized inside the content, so a message cannot forge its way out. The server writes the lines outside the fence. Any short mailbox value repeated there, such as a folder name, is cleaned and length capped first.
No bcc field exists on drafts or sent mail. A bcc recipient gets a full copy while appearing nowhere in the message, which is exactly what an injected email would ask for.
Drafts and sent mail can attach only files already in the mailbox, named by folder, uid and part. No tool takes a file path or attaches anything from your disk.
Deleting moves a message to Trash. There is no expunge or permanent delete. A server that cannot move messages is refused. What your provider later does with Trash is up to the provider.
With several accounts, one call reaches one account. Attachments, replies and quotes come only from the account the call names, and the server never moves mail from one account to another.
Sieve access stays read only. No tool writes filter rules, which can forward, reply and notify even after you revoke the app password or uninstall this server.
Sending stays closed with send on until SEND_ALLOWLIST names recipients. It accepts single addresses, domains as *@example.com, or * alone for anyone. With no allowlist, the refusal explains how to allow specific recipients or anyone. SEND_CONFIRM=true adds a confirmation dialog before every send, showing the recipients, subject, attachments and the whole message, quote included. It needs a client that supports MCP elicitation, and other clients are refused, so use drafts there. Claude Desktop does not show these dialogs yet (October 2026). Allowing anyone without it lets the assistant write to anyone unasked, the third part of the lethal trifecta. See SECURITY.md for the design notes.
Suspicion warnings
Six detectors annotate get_email results for hidden text, instruction patterns, encoded blobs, sender mismatch, mixed scripts and DMARC failure. The Warnings line sits above the content, written in the server's own words and never quoting the content that triggered it. The image above shows five detectors firing on one message.
Warnings: hidden_text (412 hidden characters via display:none), encoded_blob (base64 run of 600 characters)
The message always comes back alongside its warnings. Each detector has its own switch in the configuration reference below. See detector details for thresholds, false positives and DMARC trust selection.
Provider setup
Set PROVIDER to one of gmail, outlook, icloud, yahoo, gmx, fastmail, mailbox.org or posteo and the matching servers and ports fill themselves in.
Gmail, iCloud, Yahoo and Fastmail need an app password. Google requires 2-Step Verification and an account policy that allows app passwords. iCloud requires two factor authentication on the Apple Account. mailbox.org, GMX and Posteo accept the account password, though an app password is the wiser choice.
Outlook and Microsoft 365 use PROVIDER=outlook with no password. On Outlook.com, turn IMAP on under Settings, Mail, Forwarding and IMAP. Your browser opens Microsoft's sign in page on the first mail read. Sign in, allow access, then ask again.
Work accounts
Your organization may require admin approval, and sending may require an administrator to enable SMTP AUTH. See work accounts for the consent link and tenant settings.
The full provider guide covers passwords, Microsoft permissions and signing out, Proton Mail through Bridge, and your own servers.
Configuration reference
All configuration is environment variables. They are checked when the server starts, so a typo fails at once with a message saying what to fix, rather than at the first tool call. An empty value counts as unset, since bundle managers fill optional fields left blank with empty strings.
Variable
Default
Notes
ACCOUNTS
none
Names of several accounts, separated by commas, each 1 to 16 lowercase letters or digits. See Several accounts.
PROVIDER
none
One of gmail, outlook, icloud, yahoo, gmx, fastmail, mailbox.org, posteo. Fills in IMAP, SMTP and Sieve hosts and ports. outlook signs in through the browser instead of a password.
EMAIL_USER
required
Account login.
EMAIL_PASSWORD
none
App password. Either this or EMAIL_PASSWORD_CMD is required, except with outlook, which takes neither.
EMAIL_PASSWORD_CMD
none
Command that prints the password, such as a keychain lookup or pass, so the secret never sits in the client's config file. It has 60 seconds to finish.
MS_CLIENT_ID
pylos-mcp's own
With outlook only. The application ID of an app registered in your organization's tenant.
MS_TENANT
common
With outlook only. Your tenant ID or domain, needed when MS_CLIENT_ID names an app registered for one tenant only.
IMAP_HOST / IMAP_PORT
preset / 993
Explicit values for your own server. Set either to override the preset.
IMAP_STARTTLS
false
Connect in plain text and switch to TLS with STARTTLS before logging in, for servers that offer IMAP only that way. The default port becomes 143. A server that will not switch is refused, so the login is never sent unencrypted.
SMTP_HOST / SMTP_PORT
preset / 465, 587 for outlook
Required only when send is enabled.
SIEVE_HOST / SIEVE_PORT
IMAP_HOST / 4190
Used only when sieve-read is enabled.
CAPABILITIES
drafts
Tiers beyond read, which is always included, separated by commas.
MAX_BODY_KB
64
Message body truncation limit.
MAX_ATTACHMENT_MB
25
Attachment size cap. A download is checked against the size the server declares before any bytes arrive. When composing, it caps all attachments of one message together, shared by every message being composed at once.
DOWNLOAD_DIR
~/Downloads
Where get_attachment writes files.
SEND_SESSION_CAP
5
Successful send_email calls allowed per server run, counted again from zero after a restart.
SEND_SAVE_COPY
true
Save a copy of each sent message to the Sent folder, marked read. Turn off for providers that already file sent mail themselves (Gmail does), which would otherwise show duplicates.
SEND_ALLOWLIST
none (sending closed)
Addresses or *@domain patterns separated by commas, or * alone to allow anyone. With send enabled and no value set, every send is refused and the refusal explains this variable. An explicitly empty value also allows nobody. An entry that could never match, such as a bare domain, fails at startup.
SEND_CONFIRM
false
Show each message in a confirmation dialog before it is sent, and send it only if you accept. Needs a client that supports MCP elicitation, which Claude Desktop does not yet. Sends from other clients are refused.
DRAFTS_NO_RECIPIENTS
false
When true, create_draft rejects to and cc entirely. Drafts carry no addressing and get it added later in your mail client.
FLAG_HIDDEN_TEXT
true
Warn when message HTML hides text with inline styles or aria-hidden.
FLAG_INSTRUCTION_PATTERNS
true
Warn when the body, subject, sender line or attachment names contain phrases addressing an AI.
FLAG_ENCODED_BLOBS
true
Warn on long runs of base64 or hex in the body.
FLAG_SENDER_MISMATCH
true
Warn when a Reply-To address sits on a different domain than the From address, or the From display name carries an address on another domain.
FLAG_MIXED_SCRIPT
true
Warn when a word mixes Latin letters with Cyrillic or Greek lookalikes.
FLAG_DMARC_FAIL
true
Warn when your own mail server's DMARC check failed.
AUTHSERV_ID
preset
Server names that start your provider's Authentication-Results headers, separated by commas, replacing the preset's. An entry starting with a dot matches any name ending in it. With none, dmarc_fail never fires.
STRIP_HIDDEN_TEXT
false
Drop detected hidden text from the body instead of only warning, with a note of how much was dropped. Needs FLAG_HIDDEN_TEXT on, and the combination with the detector off is refused at startup.
FLAG_EXTRA_PATTERNS
none
Phrases added to the instruction pattern set, separated by pipes, matched as literal text regardless of case.
TLS_CA_FILE
none
Path to a PEM CA certificate added as an extra trust anchor, for your own server with a private CA. Certificate verification cannot be turned off, this only extends what is trusted. Setting it trusts Node's bundled root store plus this file, so anchors added through NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS are not in that set. If you rely on those, point TLS_CA_FILE at the same certificate.
Several accounts
One server can read several mailboxes, with one send cap across all of them, where two separate servers would allow two. ACCOUNTS names the accounts, at most 10, and each account's settings take __ plus its name in capitals, such as EMAIL_USER__WORK. Without ACCOUNTS, nothing changes. This entry sets up a personal Gmail that drafts and sends to one listed address, and a work Outlook that keeps the default of reading and drafting:
An account's settings are never taken from the unsuffixed variables, and with ACCOUNTS set those are refused, so an allowlist or a capability meant for one account can never reach another. MAX_BODY_KB, MAX_ATTACHMENT_MB, DOWNLOAD_DIR, SEND_SESSION_CAP, SEND_CONFIRM, DRAFTS_NO_RECIPIENTS, STRIP_HIDDEN_TEXT and every FLAG_ variable apply to every account and take no suffix.
Every tool then takes a required account, and each tool lists only the accounts whose capabilities include it, so here send_email offers personal alone. There is no default account, since a message number means something only inside its own mailbox. Every tool result starts with an Account: line, which keeps the assistant's references tied to the account they came from.
Mistakes show at startup, grouped, each naming the variable to fix. That includes a suffix naming no account in ACCOUNTS and the same mailbox configured twice, meaning the same EMAIL_USER on the same IMAP host.
The Claude Desktop bundle holds one account, since its install form cannot repeat a group of fields. For several accounts, put the entry above in a client's JSON config, Claude Desktop's claude_desktop_config.json included.
Maintenance expectations
pylos-mcp is built for the author's own daily use and maintained on that basis. Issues and pull requests are welcome, and CONTRIBUTING.md has a wishlist of directions that would help.
See CONTRIBUTING.md for development setup and tests. No test in this project connects to a real mailbox, in development or in CI.
Noch keine Tool-Liste. Remote-Server erhalten eine nach dem ersten Health-Check.
FAQ
Fragen
Wie installiere ich Pylos?
Kopieren Sie auf dieser Seite die stdio-Konfiguration für Cursor, Claude Desktop, Claude Code oder VS Code. Sie nutzt die Installation des Herausgebers, keinen PlugMCP-Proxy.
Benötigt Pylos einen API-Schlüssel?
In diesem Eintrag ist keine erforderliche Umgebungsvariable aufgeführt.
Welchen Transport verwendet Pylos?
Pylos läuft lokal über stdio.
Wann wurde Pylos zuletzt geprüft?
Zuletzt geprüft: 2026-11-15. Email MCP server for Gmail, Outlook and any IMAP mailbox, hardened against prompt injection
